I rilievi di Luigi Trezza delle opere di Michele Sanmicheli
Michele Sanmicheli nei disegni di Luigi Trezza
Venerdì 23 novembre alle ore 17.30 presso Sala Farinati si terrà la presentazione del volume Michele Sanmicheli nei disegni di Luigi Trezzadi Stefano Lodi.
Nel volume sono raccolti e studiati gli oltre cinquanta rilievi architettonici eseguiti da Luigi Trezza (Verona 1752-1823) sulle opere di Michele Sanmicheli e di altri architetti del Rinascimento e conservati nel ms. 1784 della Biblioteca Civica di Verona. L’impresa di Trezza avviata nella seconda metà del XVIII secolo costituisce il primo e completo lavoro di misurazione e di riproduzione grafica degli edifici progettati dal grande architetto del Cinquecento a Verona e nel Veneto.
e-mail bibliotecacivica.eventi@comune.verona.it
Assieme alla fama giungono le committenze importanti, e il Sanmicheli viene ingaggiato dalla Serenissima per disegnare lefortificazioni del vasto impero veneziano. Oltre che in Italia, dove si possono trovare le sue opere a Venezia, con la fortezza di Malamocco, un’autentica opera d’arte, a Orzinuovi, dove costruisce la fortezza, a Bergamo e Brescia, si ritrovano le sue opere in Dalmazia, a Zara, a Sebenico, a Creta, Corfù, e in molte delle colonie Veneziane sparse per il Mediterraneo.
Grande esperto di dottrine matematiche, fisiche, lungimirante nella sua concezione urbanistica, fedele ai canoni vitruviani, le sue opere non furono solo funzionali, ma sempre possenti, armoniose ed eleganti. Forse a causa della sua personalità schiva e umile, e al non aver voluto accettare committenze più illustri per restare nella sua città, non gode oggi della fama riservata per esempio ad un Palladio, ma la sua opera, pur meno aulica, non è certo di secondo livello e godette di illustri estimatori quali Vasari, Leonardo, Michelagelo e il Veronese.
Michele Sanmicheli è oggi sepolto all’interno della chiesa di San Tommaso, edificio che egli contribuì a rinnovare, nell’antico quartiere dell’Isolo dove l’architetto aveva vissuto e lavorato.
L’immensa opera di Sanmicheli a Verona può essere apprezzata grazie ad alcuni itinerari guidati tematici che ripercorrono i suoi edifici militari, civili e religiosi.
He soon distinguished himself so much that Pope Clemente VII hired him and soon after sent him to Orvieto where he worked under Antonio da Sangallo as master builder in the construction of the gothic Cathedral and the Cappella Petrucci in the Renaissance style. He was than commissioned to fortify Parma and Piacenza, but after the pillage of Rome in 1527 he went back to Verona. The Venetian Republic hired him as “military land and maritime engineer” and sent him wherever hi work was required, both in Italy and in the East. In spite of pressing requests for his services from Francesco Sforza, the king of France and even Emperor Charles V, he remained faithful to the Venetian Republic until his death. He designed the fortifications in the vast Venetian empire. We can find his works in Crete,Dalmatia, Corfù and many other colonies of Venice in the Mediterranean sea.
Uncommonly proficient in mathematics and physics, and in construction statics, a staunch believer in Vitruvio’s architectural doctrine, his works are always powerful,functional and elegant.
Michele Sanmicheli, probably because of his retiring personality and his will to remain in Verona not accepting more important projects, today is not as famous as, for example, Palladio, but counted Vasari, Leonardo, Michelangelo and Paolo Caliari among his admirers.
Michele Sanmicheli is buried in the church of St. Thomas, in the same parish in which he had been born and where he left one of his is works.
Together with a tourist guide, with a three hours tour you will follow an itinerary illustrating all main works of Sanmicheli in Verona: the gates, the palaces, churches and chapels.
He found time to spare from his official commissions to build three palazzi in Verona that have been central to his reputation, though documentation has proved elusive. These are:
- Palazzo Pompei (probably begun around 1530) is an enriched version of Bramante’s House of Raphael. The entrance has been moved to the center of a seven-bay façade[4] and given a slightly wider central bay; in order to prevent the composition from rifting apart, the corner columns of the outermost bays are stressed by being doubled with square pilasters.
- Palazzo Canossa (under construction in 1537), with another seven-bay front, has a triple-arched central entrance in a high rusticated basement that is pierced by low mezzanine windows. In the piano nobile arch-headed windows are framed by doubled pilasters, so that each bay reads as a unit complete in itself, while the archimposts are emphasized by a moulding that appears to run continuously behind the pilasters, to tie together the sequence of bays. There is a second mezzanine above the piano nobile, under a powerfully projecting cornice capped with a balustrade, with a skyline of figural sculptures. Strong mouldings continue the imposts of the arched openings and windows. The palazzo wraps round a three-sided court open to the Adige on the fourth side.
- Palazzo Bevilacqua (under construction in 1529), the most famous of the three and often cited as an exemplar ofMannerism in architecture, is the richest façade of its generation, rivalling Giulio Romano’s Palazzo Te. Its complex superimposed layers, its alternating superimposed rhythms of large and small bays and straight and spiralling fluting, the rich carved decor in its keystones and in the spandrels of the piano nobile arches, climax in the rich sculpture of its corbelled cornice.
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